444회 Neurogenesis in the brain

444회 

연사: 원무호 박사

제목 : Neurogenesis in the brain

Abstract 

 Since early 20th century, it was believed that the adult brain was devoid of stem cells, hence unable to repair itself and regenerate after injuries, a theory known as the “no new neurons dogma”. However, recently studies  were reported cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult brain of vertebrates including human. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are present not only during the embryonic development but also in the adult brain of all mammalian species, including humans. Especially, it is well known that newly generated neurons are localized in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) in the dentate gyrus (DG). The adult neurogenesis process is subject to dynamic regulation by various physiological, and pharmacological stimuli. In the present studies, neuroblasts in the SGZ reduce with age; however stimuli such as ischemic insult and granule cell death in the DG induced by adrenalectomy is enhanced neurogenesis in the SGZ. Also, natural compounds, EGCG, exendin-4, platycocon and zizyphus, enhanced neurogenesis in the SGZ. Repeated administration of these substances can help neurognesis; however, some issues such as survival rate and integration into synaptic network of neural stem cells should be considered in a study of neurogenesis.