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제 496 회 생명과학연구소 임시세미나 2015.08.12 |
Choroid Plexus-directed viral gene therapy for alpha-mannosidosis, a prototypical lysosomal storage disease
최은영 박사 (Section on Translational Neuroscience, MMP, NICHD, NIH)
The choroid plexuses are vascularized structures that project into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The specialized polarized epithelia of choroid plexuses produce CSF by transporting water and ions into the ventricles, and are post-mitotic, i.e., do not undergo turnover. We hypothesized that remodeling these epithelia to secrete missing lysosomal enzymes by one-time CSF administration of a recombinant AAV (rAAV) could be an attractive strategy for long-term treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Lysosomes function as digestive units of cells and specific enzymes within lysosomes break down nutrients. Patients with LSDs cannot metabolize certain nutrients, resulting in diminished lifespans and reduced quality of life. CSF-directed recombinant enzyme replacement has shown promise for several LSDs but requires repeated instillations due to short recombinant enzyme half-lives. In contrast, rAAV-mediated gene transfer to the choroid plexus could enable continuous synthesis of lysosomal enzymes and steady delivery to the brain globally.
To evaluate this hypothesis, we obtained an alpha-mannosidosis mouse model generated by targeted disruption of the lysosomal acid-mannosidase (LAMAN). We cloned the human (hu) LAMAN cDNA into a rAAV shuttle plasmid and generated high titer rAAV5 expressing huLAMAN. We administered viral particles to the CSF of homozygous mutant mice by brain lateral ventricle injection on day 3 of life. We documented dose-dependent transduction and huLAMAN mRNA expression confined to the choroid plexuses of rAAV5-treated animals. Brain biochemical analyses at 1, 2 and 6 months post-treatment documented sustained increases of LAMAN enzyme activity globally across the brain. By 8 months of age, untreated mutant mice showed prominent lysosomal vacuoles in hippocampal neurons, in contrast to rAAV5-LAMAN treated mutants for which brain histopathology was comparable to wild-type. If choroid plexus-targeted viral gene therapy approach were similarly successful in larger animals and human subjects, the most significant current barriers to health for patients with LSDs could be circumvented.
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Education & Research Experiences
Doctor of Philosophy (2008): Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Missouri, USA
Master of Science (1995): Department of Microbiology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
Bachelor of Science (1992): Department of Microbiology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
Papers
Choi EY, Patel K, Haddad MR, Yi L, Holmes C, Goldstein DS, Dutra A, Pak E, Kaler SG, Tandem Duplication of Exons 1-7 Neither Impairs ATP7A Expression Nor Causes a Menkes Disease Phenotype. JIMD Reports 2015 20:57-63.